Today in History: April 13

2002: The military coup that a day before had installed businessman Pedro Carmona Estanga as interim president of Venezuela collapsed this day, and the following morning Hugo Chávez was restored to the presidency.

1979: The world's longest doubles ping-pong match ends after 101 hours.
1976: The U.S. Federal Reserve begins issuing $2 bicentennial notes.

1970: An oxygen tank explodes on Apollo 13, preventing a planned moon landing and jeopardizing the lives of the three-man crew.

1964: Sidney Poitier becomes the first black to win an Oscar for best actor.

1961: The U.N. General Assembly condemns South Africa because of apartheid.

1960: The first navigational satellite is launched into Earth's orbit.

1945: Vienna falls to Soviet troops.

1943: The Thomas Jefferson Memorial was dedicated in East Potomac Park on the south bank of the Tidal Basin in Washington, D.C.

1943: Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates the Jefferson Memorial.

1941: Japan concluded a neutrality pact with the Soviet Union in World War II.

1941: German troops capture Belgrade, Yugoslavia.

1933: The first flight over Mount Everest is completed by Lord Clydesdale.

1919: British forces kill hundreds of Indian nationalists in the Amritsar Massacre.

1909: American short-story writer and novelist Eudora Welty, whose work is mainly focused with great precision on the regional manners of people inhabiting a small Mississippi town that resembles her own birthplace and the Delta country, was born.

1906: Nobel Prize-winning playwright and critic Samuel Beckett is believed to have been born this day in Ireland.

1902: J.C. Penny opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.

1895: Accused of selling military secrets to Germany and convicted in an irregular trial against a backdrop of anti-Semitism, French officer Alfred Dreyfus was imprisoned this day in 1895 on Devils Island, off French Guiana.

1865: Union forces under Gen. Sherman begin their devastating march through Georgia.

1861: After 34 hours of bombardment, Union-held Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederates.

1775: Lord North extends the New England Restraining Act to South Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Maryland. The act forbids trade with any country other than Britain and Ireland.

1640: King Charles I of England convened the Short Parliament, the first to be summoned in 11 years.

1598: King Henry IV of France promulgated the Edict of Nantes in Brittany, granting a large measure of religious liberty to his Protestant subjects, the Huguenots.